Tianchi Lake
Heavenly Lake (Tian Shan Tianchi), nestled in Xinjiang’s Tian Shan Mountains, is a glacial crater lake formed 190 million years ago. At 1,910 meters above sea level, it spans 4.9 square kilometers with a maximum depth of 105 meters. Fed by Bogda Peak’s glaciers, the lake’s turquoise waters, with 12-meter visibility, sustain trout and rare waterfowl. Designated a UNESCO Global Geopark in 2013, it merges natural splendor with Scythian tombs, Silk Road relics, and Tang Dynasty legends.
Historical Overview
The lake’s name derives from a Tang Dynasty myth where a goddess bathed here. Archaeological discoveries include 2,500-year-old Scythian horse burials and Buddhist carvings. In 1980, it became China’s first alpine national park, later gaining UNESCO status for its geological significance. The 2016 opening of the Bogda Peak cable car enhanced accessibility, while winter ski resorts expanded its appeal beyond summer tourism.
Structural Layout
The lake is divided into three zones:
- Core Lake Area: The central basin with "Marble Beach" and diving platforms.
- Forest Zone: Spruce-fir forests surrounding the lake, home to red deer and snow leopards.
- Mountain Zone: Glacial valleys and peaks like Bogda (5,445m) and Dabanzhu Peak (4,010m).
Key landmarks include the Heavenly Lake Dam, Xianren Cave (immortal’s cave), and the Silk Road Museum.
Major Attractions
- Marble Beach: A 200-meter-long white sand shoreline with crystal-clear waters.
- Bogda Peak Cable Car: A 2.8-km aerial tram offering panoramic views of glaciers.
- Xianren Cave: A limestone cave with Buddhist statues and ancient inscriptions.
- Silk Road Museum: Displays artifacts from the lake’s role as a caravan rest stop.
- Dabanzhu Peak Trail: A 6-hour hike to a 4,010-meter summit with alpine meadows.
- Zhao Shan Temple: A 19th-century Buddhist temple overlooking the lake.
Suggested Itineraries
-
Classic Route (3–4 hours):
Visitor Center → Marble Beach → Xianren Cave → Silk Road Museum → Return
Highlights: Beach relaxation and cultural exhibits. -
Extended Route (5–6 hours):
Visitor Center → Marble Beach → Bogda Peak Cable Car → Dabanzhu Peak Trail → Zhao Shan Temple → Sunset at Heavenly Lake Dam
Highlights: Cable car ride and summit views. -
Comprehensive Route (Full Day):
Visitor Center → Bogda Peak Cable Car → Dabanzhu Peak Trail → Xianren Cave → Silk Road Museum → Marble Beach → Night Camping
Highlights: Full hiking and cultural immersion.
Ticket Purchase
- Entrance Fee: ¥155 (peak season: June–Oct), ¥105 (off-season: Nov–May). Includes cable car.
- Guided Tours: ¥300–500/group (up to 10 people).
- Online: Book via Ctrip or WeChat 3 days in advance.
- On-Site: Limited tickets; queues average 1 hour.
Transportation
- From Urumqi: 2-hour bus (¥50) or taxi (¥200) to the visitor center.
- Self-Drive: Follow G216 from Urumqi to Fukang (1.5 hours), then 30-minute drive to the lake.
- Local Transport: Electric carts (¥20/ride) and horse rentals (¥100/hour) available.
Best Time & Tips
- Ideal Season: June–September (wildflowers, mild temps).
- Avoid Crowds: Arrive before 9 AM or after 4 PM.
- Essentials:
- Warm clothing (temps drop 10°C after sunset).
- Hiking boots, sunscreen, and a reusable water bottle.
- Prohibited Items: Drones (require permit), swimming (except designated areas).
- Eco-Tip: Use refill stations; plastic waste reduced by 40% since 2020.
